Vaccine 1 article

The defining scientific role of vaccine is therapeutic vaccination, making it an antigen-directed immune-training modality with a specific biotechnology context. At a practical level, antigen-specific immune priming and adaptive immune memory determine how the entity is implemented or measured, with vaccine antigen design and adjuvant formulation marking important downstream uses. Vaccine is the broad modality; cancer vaccines are a therapeutic subclass, whereas oncolytic viruses act through tumor infection and lysis as well as immune activation.